Representations of Caribbean Women in “Girl” - Literature Essay Samples

Mothers usually have their children’s best interest at heart, guiding them through life at an attempt to prevent offspring from repeating their own mistakes. In the short story, â€Å"Girl,† Kincaid depicts her teenage years after her mother gave birth to Kincaid’s three younger brothers in succession. The psychological perspective of this story raises many questions from critics on whether or not the mother’s state of mind and outlook on women altered after she gave birth to her three sons. Kincaid’s story amplifies there is an importance in cultural standards, gender roles and sex, and behaviors among Caribbean women. Throughout the story, the speaker portrays herself to be the mother and gives her daughter advice in several different areas of life, which greatly confuses Kincaid. According to Kincaid, in the Caribbean culture, there may be more reinforced, strict, and ridged expectations of gender roles. In the story, Kincaid’s Caribbean mother reinforces these ideals by making it clear she is trying to help Kincaid reach this standard which the mother, herself, likely grew up in. The mother makes a mention of her childhood standards by stating: â€Å"Wash the white clothes on Monday and put them on the stone heap,† and continues directing her daughter to wash the color clothes on Tuesday and to let them dry on the clothesline (Kincaid 95). One critic, Carol Bailey, also argues â€Å"Girl† implies there are certain standards for young Caribbean women. Bailey critiques how the speaker in Kincaid’s story is repetitive when she mentions â€Å"the slut you are so bent on becoming.† Carol Bailey explains, â€Å"The variations of this expression recur throughout the text and might be one of the seemingly obvious lines that sugges ts the speaker’s complicity with the system and illustrates her efforts to shape a woman who performs the script of chastity appropriately† (109). The oppression of gender roles can also restrict a woman’s ability to navigate sex and sexuality. In the text, Kincaid’s mother states her daughter is walking like a â€Å"slut† by suggesting: â€Å"[O]n Sundays try to walk like a lady and not like the slut you are so bent on becoming† (Kincaid 96). Kelly Falla critiqued this topic by stating, â€Å"The mother thinks the daughter has already set herself up for a life of promiscuity. The mother even goes to the extreme of instructing her daughter on ‘how to make medicine to throw away a child before it even becomes a child.’ This is a clear concoction to remedy an unwanted pregnancy† (Falla 3). The repeated shaming of appearance and its link to promiscuity portrays the mother had internalized issues about her own gender’s ability to be sexual. The fact Kincaid’s mother knew about an abortion recipe confirms she may have used it herself before. Throughout the short story, the young girl does not seem to completely understand her mother’s instructions on how to behave. The daughter reaffirms she does not understand by speaking in the text. She asks: â€Å"but what if the baker wont let me feel the bread?† (96). Kincaid ends the story with the mother’s vague response to her daughters question about feeling the bread: â€Å"[Y]ou mean to say that after all you are really going to be the kind of woman who the baker wont let near the bread?† (96). According to Kim Becnel, â€Å"The most obvious meaning of the mothers question is the implication that the girl will, indeed, grow up to be a ‘slut’ and, therefore, due to her lack of virtue, will not be allowed to handle the bread.† Becnel goes on to mention, â€Å"It is, however, also possible to interpret it as the mothers shock that her daughter, whom she has been so certain will grow up to be promiscuous, will, in fact, be such a v irtuous and unavailable woman that she will be unable to entice the baker into letting her touch his bread with all the sexual connotations therein implied.† While it appears there are many possibilities the mother feels could happen to her daughter, the daughter still questions her mother’s true intentions. This leads the mother to be more concerned, implying some of these situations are inevitable. The mother’s interpretation of her daughter’s responses leads her to believe her daughter could be taken advantage of one of these days. The mother’s ideology of cultural standards, gender roles and sex, and behaviors confirms there is an unwritten rule about how Caribbean women should act. Works Cited Bailey, Carol. Performance and The Gendered Body in Jamaica Kincaids Girl And Oonya Kempadoos Buxton Spice. Meridians: Feminism, Race, Transnationalism 10.2 (2010): 106-123. Academic Search Complete. Web. 18 Sept. 2016 Becnel, Kim. Literary Contexts in Short Stories Jamaica Kincaids Girl. Literary Contexts in Short Stories: Jamaica Kincaids Girl (2007): 1. Literary Reference Center Plus. Web. 28 Sept. 2016. Falla, Kelly. Theme Analysis of â€Å"Girl† by Jamaica Kinkaid. 2011. Microsoft Word file. Kincaid, Jamica. â€Å"Girl.† Portable Literature: Reading, Reacting, Writing. Ed. Laurie Kirszner and Stephen Mandell. 9th ed. Boston: 2015. 95-96. Print.

Google in China - 3836 Words

Comment on the legal and regulatory environment in China and its implications for the chinese media. In light of the restrictions imposed by the Chinese government of internet access, how do you think the media industry is affected? On google agreeing to ensure its search content, Reporters without borders commented, â€Å"Google’s statement about respecting online privacy are the height of hypocrisy in view of its strategy in China.† However, Google’s Director of Research was of the view, â€Å"What’s important to users is access to information, we are giving them that, and we think that’s the most important.† Do you think Google was right in taking this step? Justify your answer. PPPPPPPPPPP Internet censorship Increasingly,†¦show more content†¦In June 2009, the Chinese authorities announced a plan to implement a new piece of software called Green Dam-Youth Escort, under the premise that it would protect underage web users from accessing pornographic content. However, experts stated that the software can also be used to block internet sites for political reasons, including any information regarding Tibet or the Tiananmen Square massacre of 1989. The Chinese authorities hope that by continuing to censor internet content, they will be able to keep its people in the dark about the true face of the Chinese Government. China currently employs 30,000 internet police to monitor and crack down on any dissent in people’s e-mails or on websites, and said that it aimed to have all PCs built and used in China equipped with Green Dam-Youth Escort by 1 July 2009. However, after widespread criticism of the plan, the Chinese Government reportedly backed down over Green Dams implementation, making the software optional. Opposition to the software was rife on the internet and public opinion in and outside China seems to have had an impact after the blacklist of keyword topics which Green Dam blocks was leaked on the internet. The list included references to Falun Gong and Tiananmen Square, despite government assurances that it was to be used to block pornographic material. TheShow MoreRelatedGoogle in China Case Analysis1592 Words   |  7 PagesGoogle in China Business Case Analysis Facts of the Case: Key - Stick to the most important facts presented (Point form is expectable ONLY in this section) ââ€" ª Case is based on the negotiation that took place between Google Inc. and the Chinese government to allow their citizens access to Chinese version of Google.com (Google.cn) ââ€" ª Google looking at vast business opportunities in China as a long-term strategy. Due to its population size and market potential, China has become an attractiveRead MoreEssay on Google in China963 Words   |  4 Pages1. For Google in 2005, from a business perspective, what are the arguments for and against entering China. The argument for Google entering into business in China is fairly simple. With 1.3 billion possible consumers, it cannot be ignored as an economic opportunity. Even offering a heavily censored and handicapped version of their search engine, Googles revenue producers AdSense and AdWords could still make billions. Google is well known as the worlds most recognized brands and ignoringRead MoreGoogle And Its Relationship With China893 Words   |  4 Pagesstance for the free flow of information. This has been the problem for Google and its relationship with China. The restrictions set up by the Chinese government go against the ideas and ethics of Google. However, the presence of Google will likely help push political change by opening some doors for accessing information. This will also have the added opportunity of maximizing Google’s corporate interests. Stats and numbers China has the fastest growing internet base with around 632 million of itsRead MoreEssay about Google in China683 Words   |  3 Pagescommunications standpoint? Google entered China in 2006 with high hopes of taking over the Chinese internet market. In order to become a major player for internet search engines in China, however, they had buckled and filtered search results according to the Chinese government. When Google.cn was launched, a loud public outcry over its giving in to the Chinese government on censoring and filtering search engine results, the company faced a communications crisis. Since Google had always been known forRead MoreGoogle in China Case Study791 Words   |  4 PagesGOOGLE IN CHINA CASE STUDY Introduction Currently Google faces major issues regarding its operation in China. Google has been faced with the decision to comply with Chinese government regulation and censor its search engine results or take on the human rights approach of freedom of speech and eliminate censorship of searched terms. This paper will examine the case study, Google in China, and answer the following questions: What advantages and disadvantages does Google have in the Chinese marketRead MoreProblems Faced by Google in China1977 Words   |  8 Pages MS-113 Topic of assignment: problem faced by Google in china Subject Teacher’s name: Mrs. Meenakshi singh Abstract US based Google the leading Internet search engine company in the world started providing its services in China in 2000. Though Google soon became the leading search engine in the Chinese market, it started losing its market share in couple of years. In China, the Internet content was heavily censored by the government and users searchingRead MoreGoogle and the Government of China: Essay1814 Words   |  8 PagesGoogle and the Government of China: A case study in Cross-Cultural Negotiations Develop a negotiations planning document using the Kellogg format in Exhibit 11 Issue Google Chinese government Purpose of negotiation Priority: 1 Position: focuses on profit and brand management Priority: 2 Position: technological, economic gaining Interests: A population of 1.3 billion along with a growing economy makes Chinese market extremely important for Google to enter Interests: It wants GoogleRead More Google And The Government Of China Essay1798 Words   |  8 PagesGoogle and the Government of China: A case study in Cross-Cultural Negotiations Develop a negotiations planning document using the Kellogg format in Exhibit 11 Issue Google Chinese government Purpose of negotiation Priority: 1 Position: focuses on profit and brand management Priority: 2 Position: technological, economic gaining Interests: A population of 1.3 billion along with a growing economy makes Chinese market extremely important for Google to enter Interests: It wants Google toRead MoreGoogle Inc. in China Essay7722 Words   |  31 Pagesï » ¿Case Study Analysis Template1 Analyst’s Name:  ¶ Date:  ¶ Case Study Name:  ¶Google Inc., in China I. The Pre-Analysis: A. Perspective: A.1. Describe the perspective2 of the author(s) of the case study and the possible biases that might result from that perspective:  ¶ The case study is titled Google Inc., In china, written by Kirsten E. Martin for the Business Roundtable Institute for Corporate Ethics. Kirsten Martin is the Assistant Professor of Business and EconomicsRead MoreEssay on Google Inc, in China7565 Words   |  31 PagesCase Study Analysis Template Analyst’s Name:  ¶ Levi Mohorich Date:  ¶ 2/23/14 Case Study Name:  ¶ Google, Inc., in China I. The Pre-Analysis: A. Perspective: 1. Author’s Perspective. Describe the perspective of the author(s) of the case study and possible biases of the author(s):  ¶ The case was wrote by Kirsten E. Martin, the Assistant Professor of Business Administration at George Washington University, School of Business. She has her Ph.D. from

Human Resource Interview - 1134 Words

Human Resource Management Interview BMGT 332-001 March 19, 2001 Contents I. Introduction...............................1 II. Organization Information...................1 III. Background Information.....................2 IV. Role of Human Resources....................3 V. Performance Appraisals.....................5 VI. Closing....................................6 VII. Works Cited................................7 Introduction Human resource management is part of the human resource approach, which is evidently geared to allow organizations to benefit in two significant ways: increasing in the organization s effectiveness and satisfying all of the employee s needs. Organizational goals and employee†¦show more content†¦Therefore, Human Resources is the largest single component committed to acquiring the employee‘s complete satisfaction. A happy worker makes for a hard worker (Fulmer). Dealing with the most important issue facing restaurants across the country today, is the personalization of their eating atmosphere. Human resources control a lot of what the employee desires, and in turn, creates a warm, friendly effective service the customer desires. The importance of this task leads to another pressing issue: employee commitment. Mrs. Fulmer stated that it is very hard to maintain a committed staff in this industry. They strive to be compassionate towards their employee s wants and needs by holding annual evaluations of the management itself. This allows the employee to give their input of things they believe would improve success in the years to come. The biggest and most difficult organizational problem Gordon Biersch s human resource department has been faced with in the past five years, was the merging of the two companies in 99. They had to hurdle all the problems that arose with the policies, procedures, FMLA and ADA requirements. FMLA stands for the Family and Medical Leave Act. This act was enforced to grant family leave and medical leave under certain circumstances. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) gives civil rights protections to individuals with disabilitiesShow MoreRelatedAn Interview About Human Resources1139 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: Sarah Cox is my interviewee; the interview was conducted on the fly with a phone call due to her busy schedule. Sarah has been in her current role as the Vice President of Human Resources for eight months now at L.L. Bean. She started out at the company as a summer hire right before attending graduate school at Harvard University’s divinity school to study Organizational Ethics. I came into contact with Sarah while attending The State of New Hampshire’s PBL/FBLA conference where sheRead MoreAdministrator Of Human Resources Interview2082 Words   |  9 PagesAdministrator of Human Resources Interview Introduction Steve Barrett is the Executive Director for Human Resource Operations for the Minneapolis Public Schools District. According to S. Barrett, he has worked in his current position for seven months (personal communication, January 20, 2015). Previously, Barrett worked as an adjunct professor at the Metropolitan State University for 25 months, and as an Executive Director for Employee Relations at Minneapolis public schools for 20 months. LaterRead MoreAdministrator Of Human Resources Interview2084 Words   |  9 PagesAdministrator of Human Resources Interview Steve Barrett is the Executive Director for Human Resource Operations for the Minneapolis Public Schools District. According to S. Barrett, he has worked in his current position for seven months (personal communication, January 20, 2015). Previously, Barrett worked as an adjunct professor at the Metropolitan State University for 25 months, and as an Executive Director for Employee Relations at Minneapolis public schools for 20 months. Later, he worked asRead MoreInterview With The Human Resource Manager5012 Words   |  21 PagesThe Interview This interview was conducted with the human resource manager (Mr. David) in a software company where I worked earlier. This is an excerpt from the interview where the strategic issue related to his company human resource is revealed. Me: Hi. I am a Human Resource student studying in Sullivan University. I am here to conduct a brief interview with you so that I can get help for my strategic human resource assignment. This interview would help me have some practical knowledge of theRead MoreInterview Questions On Human Resource Professionals902 Words   |  4 Pagesassignment, I interviewed two human resource professionals, Ms. Cathy Price and Mr. Richard Newman. I previously worked with Ms. Price as her understudy for three years. I appreciated the education and work lessons she provided and often utilize the skills and abilities gained from the experience. I specifically chose to interview Mr. Newman for his position in a hospital setting, as it is my intention to seek employment in the healthcare industry following graduation. My interview choices reveal my desiredRead More Human Resource Interview Essay examples1145 Words   |  5 PagesHuman Resource Management Interview Contents I. Introduction...............................1 II. Organization Information...................1 III. Background Information.....................2 IV. Role of Human Resources....................3 V. Performance Appraisals.....................5 VI. Closing....................................6 VII. Works Cited................................7 Introduction Human resource managementRead MoreEssay on Interview With a Human Resources Manger1934 Words   |  8 Pagesbusiness manages its assets and resources predicates its overall success. Companies that spend financial resources foolishly are apt to find themselves in bankruptcy. Companies that work capital equipment resources beyond the machine’s capabilities or for other than intended purposes are apt to experience downtime and/or lose the equipment to failure. The same premise holds true for a company’s human assets. However, unlike other company assets, which depreciate over time, human assets appreciate over timeRead MoreRockwell Collins Human Resources Interview1152 Words   |  5 PagesRockwell Collins Human Resources Interview Every company in virtually all fields of business is evolving and has to adapt to new conditions, technologies. Human resources play pivotal role in facing the front-line challenges as companies adapt to coming and going of projects, ventures into new markets, changing workforce demographics, diversity, etc. We have interviewed Ms. Shannon Svoboda, the Total Rewards Senior Compensation Analyst with Rockwell Collins. Company Overview Rockwell Collins (R-C)Read MoreHuman Resources Interview : Jackie Finch, Owner Of Iron Dragon, Llc.1151 Words   |  5 PagesThis human resources interview is being conducted with Jackie Finch, owner of Iron Dragon, LLC. Ms. Finch is now retired. After 23 years in the manufacturing industry, Ms. Finch left and started her own business in the computer/technical field after returning to studies in 2007 and obtaining a Master of Science degree in Information Systems Management in 2010. Iron Dragon, LLC was founded in 2010 as a technical repair/installation subcontract firm. Typical customers included other technical companiesRead MoreInterview Process : The Success And Failure Of A Project Largely Depends On The Human Resources890 Words   |  4 Pages2. Interview Process : The success/failure of a project largely depends on the human resources used in that project. If the project team doesn’t have required skills then the quality of the product will be impacted. It is very important to hire the right people who can do the right things in the project. Just hiring a knowledgeable resource is not sufficient, but to make sure that the resource perfectly fits the team culture is also critically important. Person to be hired must possess the required

The Relationship Between Sleep Deprivation And The Human Body

Jason Sohn WRS 102 Roger Graves October 9, 2015 Annotated Bibliography: The relationship between sleep deprivation and the human body The act of sleeping is well acknowledged as an essential and healthy part of every human being s life. Until the 1950s, sleep was widely believed to be a passive act that every human had to go through at night. Through extensive study and research, scientists have learned that sleeping affects our physical and emotional functioning during the day, including mental accuracy, productivity, mental balance, physical balance, and even weight, although scientists are still not sure exactly what sleep does. Previously people commonly thought sleep was a stage in their day when their brains shut down. This has†¦show more content†¦To add, I am specifically focusing on the physical repercussions of extreme loss of sleep. The research focuses on how the body reacts to the negative repercussions of losing beneficial sleep. The third source differs from the 2 other sources as the third source focues on the organ of the brain and how the brain reacts to the loss of sleep. The other 2 sou rces focus on the body s response to the deprivation of sleep for instance, the body s changing levels of hormones and the effects on the human body. The first two sources specifically focus on the aspect of the effects of changing levels of hormones. All three sources and their respective authors state that the field of sleep is a recent area of study as the study of sleep is not fully understood scientifically. Priyadarsini, Nibedita, Manasi Behera, Dipti Mohapatra, Tapaswini Mishra, and Anugya Aparajita Behera. Sleep Deprivation As Risk Factor For Obesity. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences (2015): n. pag. Web of Science. Web. 9 Oct. 2015. . This scientific article, from the International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences (IJPB), investigates the modern issue and association between sleep deprivation as a risk factor for obesity. The journal begins to explore the idea that inadeqaute sleep or partial sleep deprivaion may contribute to the development of obesity as a result of metabolic changes in the body. To add, the

The Work Of Halfway Houses - 996 Words

Halfway houses are for people who are in probation or parolees. This type of program are for the people who need a more concrete setting to be able to be successful when they get out. It allows offenders to start there rehabilitation with the society. Halfway houses focus is to support criminals who have no place to go and also those who have no support from their families. Halfway houses provide everything for the inmates living there. The inmates have food to eat and a place to sleep. Even though halfway houses might sound like dormitories despite of what was mentioned above. It facilitates discharged offenders. The halfway staffs, together with officers provide the inmates with specific instructions and guidance on various programs. Halfway houses also provide inmates with counseling on topics like job searches, getting back into their family life, and staying drug free. The inmates have strict curfews and other rules that they need to follow. The inmates can leave the halfway hou se but only to look for a job, attend their job, school, rehabilitation, or for medical reasons. With all of this being said halfway houses are a good alternative for probationers and parolees that want to do something better for themselves. With halfway houses created, this can reduce prison overcrowding and can also save us money throughout the years. Prison overcrowding has been a problem for many years in the Unites States. With overcrowding being a problem for many years an alternative suchShow MoreRelatedEssay on Halfway Houses1039 Words   |  5 Pagesthat house these convicted inmates. The facilities are called halfway houses, and they were created to help an inmate that is released from prison transition into a community under supervision. The halfway house program can be a beneficial step in the process of an inmate’s release, and can reap lasting rewards for the inmates, the correctional system, and the communities they reside in. First, the inmate themselves benefit greatly from the opportunities given to them by a halfway house. TheRead MoreCriminal Rehabilitation978 Words   |  4 Pagesrestructuring programs do little in destroying the power of labelling. The criminal rehabilitation places in the U.S are the halfway houses. These halfway houses are often located in suburban communities and they have the sole aim of keeping the offenders in the society. The name originates from the reality that they halfway amid the prison and the community. The logic behind halfway houses is often that criminal activities originate in the community. Hence, communities have the responsibility of trying toRead MoreHalfway House by Mohan Rakesh750 Words   |  3 Pages Within the tradition of Hindi drama the play â€Å"Halfway –House† has enjoyed a canonical status .Recipient of umpteen awards ,many critics and theatre persons have seen this as most complete play .An incisive analysis of man-woman relationship ,the play has also been seen to possess a scathing critique of the unfulfilling ,incomplete nature of bourgeois existence. However when we position ourselves at the end of the century and look again at the play, the approbation gets considerably muted .If thereRead MorePrison Overcrowding Is A Serious Problem1448 Words   |  6 Pagesa result of the prisons being overcrowded. As more criminals become imprisoned, other prisoners are released due to the lack of space. Because prison overcrowding has become such a serious issue across the country, rehabilitation, halfway houses, probation, and house arrest are a few alternatives to prison for non-violent offenders that can decrease the prison population. Rehabilitation is the most effective alternative to prison due to the high percentage of incarcerated non violent drug usersRead MoreThe Problem Of Prison Facilities Essay1362 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Federal Bureau of Prisons to construct more half-way houses for convicts of less to no threat to society. There are people in prison who pose no threat to anyone but themselves. If they are no danger to society then I believe they are a waste of space behind bars and should be given help in the real world. My other goal is encourage all prisons to set up manufacturing plants within the facilities. With manufacturing plants, inmates can work to produce products at cheaper rates for our country. IfRead MoreRe Entry Program For Prisons1521 Words   |  7 Pagesnothing else. However, over time we began to initiate a new concept for prisons. Prisons can be used as a place to rehabilitate people and change the path which they have been following. We have given prisoners the ability to get a n education, get work experience, get therapy, and get drug rehabilitation. There is a policy which has been debated upon however in this idea of reformation, and it is the parole policy for inmates. Even though parole has been around for a long time, and there is proofRead MoreCareer Goals And Knowledge Of Field And Program Essay1387 Words   |  6 Pagesprogram is that opens up doors to other careers in criminal justice. My goal is to become a police officer, but I am open to the opportunities which this program has to offer. Taking this course will provide me with the extensive knowledge needed to work in the law enforcement industry. I spent multiple hours reading the MacEwan University website with all the details and requirements to gain entry in to the Correctional Services program. Further, while researching this program I came upon a studentRead MoreThe Ineffective United States Penal System Essay950 Words   |  4 Pagesfor the group to work it takes a dedicated counselo r and dedicated group members (those with the desire to change) (Bennett 22). Another technique used to rehabilitate criminals is a type of correctional center called a halfway house. The name comes from the fact that they are halfway between the community and the prison (Fox 60). The aim is to keep offenders in the community; thus, halfway houses are located in residential communities. The rationale behind halfway houses is that criminal activityRead MorePoverty And The Homeless Population Essay1704 Words   |  7 Pagesamount of damage to the community. Home values will decrease as the homeless population increases. People believe that if there are shelters near their homes that the value will decrease significantly. Having homeless people lingering around one’s house can be disturbing to residents, especially in Marin for those who pride themselves on living in a wealthy community. Having homeless people in residential areas has been proven to be a negative factor. Research has shown that shelters in private partsRead MoreEssay The War on Drugs1347 Words   |  6 Pagesthrough community service are: picking up trash along the roadside and in parks, cleaning publicly owned vehicles, painting little league football bleachers, and the maintaining and cleaning of animal shelters. Other programs may include unskilled work for private nonprofit organizations such as churches, goodwill industries, social service agencies, libraries, and schools. These programs would be well organized, effective, and highly monitored. The first-ti me offenders would learn new skills and

Tourism Policy Address Climate Change Issues-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Tourism Policy Address Climate Change Issues? Answer: Introducation The organization producing this discussion paper is called Budget Travel Tours Limited (BTT). It is an international organization with branches spread out to 6 countries/destinations. As the Chief Executive Officer of BTT, the role of the organization is assessing the impact of climate change on tourism in Fiji. Its main responsibility is to organize tours on behalf of tourists to interesting places in any chosen destination. The agency values privacy and has a strong interest in the security of their exciting tours. A major internal influence on the organization is political tensions in the country. Externally, Budget Tours Travel Limited is influenced by terrorism. The specific goal is to enhance tours while upholding security. The main objectives of the policy include: Maintaining security of the tourists Preservation of the privacy of the tourists Background Context Tourism is a remarkable marvel show in all nations on the planet and has a steady propensity of expanding its development. No nation on the planet does not build up some tourism or a nation where residents are not associated with traveler development outside of their perpetual place of living arrangement. Fundamentally, the specialized meaning of tourism is quite recently that, a trek for different reasons, for example, business, joy, games, and diversion, religion or different reasons (Adem Gelgelo, 2016). The following table shows the opportunities, issues, and challenges of the tourism sector presented through a SWOT analysis. Strengths Great Dcor Convenience Natural world Weaknesses Inadequate public transportation Shortage of organization skills among patrons Opportunities Emergent home market Improving feeling of togetherness Enlargement of the National park Threats Influence of terrorism Climate Change Effect of expansion on a limited site As per Aija Saku (2013), universal tourists' entry in 2016 has achieved 1.5 million (3.9% expansion). Visitor's use comes to $ 1.4 billion, and the tourism business took an interest with 10% of the worldwide GDP (total national output). Each eleventh utilized individual on the planet is utilized inside the tourism business (Renato et al., 2017). An ever-increasing number of nations perceive the considerable part of tourism, both regarding social flourishing and monetary advantages. Therefore, the nations at each level (national, local and nearby) are deliberately arranging and making approaches for advancement in tourism (Adem Gelgelo, 2016). Numerous nations energize the advancement of global tourism through various types of help. At the national level, the improvement of worldwide tourism is falling under the Ministries and Government Agencies of tourism. By and large, these establishments are occupied with doing exercises, for example, controlling and directing of the visitor exercises; gathering data about the business; setting up a national procedure for tourism advancement; setting up a national tourism promoting and publicizing and the sky is the limit from there. Statement of Need This report is a preparatory sort, and its goal is to assess the predictable effect/impact of climate change on tourism, and furthermore to build up how much literature concerning the topic exists. Also to recognize the requirements for examining, distinguishing basic information holes, which ought to be managed later on, and to propose future sectorial or essential research ventures, both for entire divisions and for decided geographic regions. This segment shows the contentions identified with a look into tourism matters, later on, keeping in mind the end goal to typify the accessible learning and to decrease the vulnerabilities identified with the effect of climate change on tourism, with the preface of setting up adaptation procedures while staying away from alarmism. As an underlying answer, one might say that there is little research into the relationship between climate change and tourism. The topic is presented in the eager stage; individuals are winding up more mindful of its significance. However, there are still no logical examinations on the conceivable effects of climate change on tourism. Concentrates by the IPCC and by the UNO and others like Brzoska (2015) related to these are being resounded in the media, which is spreading data about these issues. The establishments and promoters of information of the subject are anticipating affirmation of the extent of climate change and its outcomes, keeping in mind the end goal to settle on choices and to actualize the comparing activities. Following an underlying stage went for characterizing the issue, established researchers are starting to plan particular goals and to outline approaches went for typifying the measurement of change and the particular effects inside every circle. Both the examination needs and the basic information holes are anticipated into the distinctive advancement periods of the wonder and of the exploration procedure itself. Therefore, the absence of information and the requirements for examining are distinguished in the segments of this report and the diverse things made for each situation. Also in the distinctive components of the tourism System: request, supply, advertise administrators and the geographic-tourism space, especially in the last mentioned, because of the way that it envelops the regular assets with the possibility for tourism and, particularly, environmental assets. Climate Change is of concern to tourism for three primary explanations. This concern coordinates climatic effects, aberrant impacts of Climate Change, and Green House Gas (GHG) emanations in tourism. A substantial collection of writing is there which features the way a climatic change may effect on the reasonableness of goals for holiday business, on the regularity and at a working level in business costs. Climatic occasions can meddle with tourists' cooperation in exercises and effect on their fulfillment points. Exploration, for instance, shows that bad climate has a more articulated impact on fulfillment than ideal climatic conditions: nausea, icy or wet conditions, lessened perceivable and troublesome snorkeling conditions all prompted lessened fulfillment levels (Brzoska, 2015). Some visitor goals are now encountering the effects of expansion in unfavorable climatic occasions, for instance abnormally high temperatures, water deficiency, outrageous precipitation and Tempest harm. Sea tempests delineate the potential harm: their assessed framework harm is given announced costs alone added up to $ 1 billion. Different goals are probably going to witness quickened tourism advancement, for example, the Canadian Arctic, because of less ocean ice that permits expanded dispatching. Aberrant impacts of Climate Change incorporate lessened water accessibility in a few regions, biodiversity misfortune, diminished scene request, expanded vector-borne infections and a scope of other backhanded effects. An examination features the potential effects of Climate Change on biosphere legacy ranges, for instance, Mt Everest in Nepal or the Kilimanjaro in Tanzania. The effect of high humidity on coral islands and the financial results for tourism have likewise been talked about for various reefs far and wide (Dawit Jan 2017). Thirdly, tourism is a critical supporter of worldwide GHG emanations coming about particularly from vacationer transport. Accordingly, tourism's Climate Change costs are beginning to be incorporated into practical tourism activities, yet outflow lessening endeavors in tourism are still generally in their earliest stages. Decreasing GHG emanations is essential not just because tourism is requested to add to national diminishment objectives, but since the inability to enhance carbon effectiveness could bring about long-haul financial disservices, among others due to rising oil costs, and expenses forced on the discharge of carbon dioxide. Universal strategies on air go, for instance, are probably going to affect basic traveler leadership through increments in transport costs. In this setting changes in effectiveness will have a much more grounded basis for the main financial concern of carriers. Tourists' view of how "green" certain vacationer exercises are might turn out to be progressively vital. A larger part of tourists appears to pay to balance the impacts of their GHG emanations. To date, genuine changes in conduct, be that as it may, are less evident (Fasil et al., 2013). The various types of Climate Change effects will require distinctive approach and administration approaches, for example, Climate Change adjustment, relief, the improvement and use of new advancements and the redistribution of budgetary assets. Not all effects are similarly pertinent in every vacationer goal, and the concentration of arrangement making is probably going to vary in like manner. Beachfront goals will be worried about direct climate effects, for example, violent wind occasions, ocean level ascent or water-front immersion. They will likewise likely need to manage natural changes, for example, evolving shorelines, corruption of coral reefs and harm to seaside biological systems. Like this, relief approaches will be most applicable to those goals that require long-separate air go to arrive. According to Kenneth Baba (2014), the holiday business segment through its portrayal in industry associations and government can be engaged with approach applicable to Climate Change in four unmistakable ways: (1) Interests regarding holiday business are adequately and fairly secured inside national Climate Change arrangement (perhaps, a bland carbon charge) no particular action is necessary. (2) Vacation industry is adequately and impartially reflected in countrywide approach which states matters in a roundabout way identified with Climate Change (perhaps, biodiversity insurance) no particular action is needed. (3) Holiday business advocates for the particular incorporation of Climate Change angle into national strategies which mention matters vital to the holiday business, however that fall flat to Assess Climate Change. (4) Tourism builds up its own 'Climate Change strategies,' particularly for the tourism part (e.g., an ecological quality plan that incorporates carbon discharges). Scope of the Proposed Plan The procedure connected in this examination included a two-step process. In the first place, Budget Tours Travel Limited (BTT) was associated with the realistic approach in the contextual investigation goals in Fiji. On account of Fiji, a travel agent at BTT is a specialist working with the local government on Climate Change adjustment. The organization was engaged in the strategy-making process in Fiji, one at the respective ministry and his counterpart as an outsourced researcher. Data accumulated for the situation examined in this manner direct and genuine. The second stage included reflection on the involvement in the two goals concerning the part that tourism plays in Climate Change arrangement. Lessons scholarly, shared characteristics and contrasts were attracted together to produce a more noteworthy comprehension of the outcomes and procedures significant for the contextual investigations in addition to a more extensive scope of visitor goals (Khan, 2013). The approach advan cement in the contextual investigations, Fiji included the accompanying strides: Distinguishing the fundamental issues related to Climate Change and tourism Organizing issues and setting a motivation for approach improvement Figuring particular arrangements Where conceivably, help usage of strategies by important lead offices. These means give a guide that incorporates various stages and on-screen characters and can expand on past involvement. This extremely straightforward method was viewed as a proper way the "new" issue of the strategy for Climate Change in the holiday business segment. It permitted acclimation of the subject and additionally the arrangement procedure with holiday business partners that have not looked at these matters previously. A mind-boggling system for arrangement advancement is probably going to be needed at an advanced phase once the holiday business area has comprehended the key difficulties and executed fundamental strategies. Both contextual investigations included a participatory way to deal with a guarantee that arrangements created would mirror the necessities of a scope of tourism partners and that usage of strategies at a later stage would be encouraged. The participatory procedure was viewed as basic to amplify aggregate insight and to empower collaboration between different partners and social learning (Linda et al., 2012). Given the distinctive idea of the two contextual analyses, an extensive variety of Climate Change dangers were distinguished, speaking to the two ranges that require approaches for adjustment and alleviation. Fiji is to a great degree powerless against cataclysmic events, specifically typhoons, surges, and dry spells. These perils are probably going to increment because of a worldwide temperature alteration. Notwithstanding extraordinary occasions, there are long-haul impacts anticipated from a worldwide temperature alteration, for example, ocean level ascent (up to 1 m by 2100) and coral blanching. These will highly affect nearby economies reliant on tourism. For Fiji, the abnormal state of helplessness and restricted access to regular assets is combined with a low ability to adjust to the unfavorable impacts of Climate Change. While Fiji is a whole deal goal for a significant number of its guests, and in this manner prone to be influenced by worldwide moderation endeavors, tourism partners in Fiji were principally worried about Climate Change adjustment. Despite the key contrasts in Fiji, four normal regions of concern were recognized. These concern guest landings, business execution, asset administration, and research. The specific factors inside these territories of concern contrast for every goal. In Fiji, the danger of diminishing traveler entries was to a great extent examined in connection to the adverse impacts of climatic calamities, well-being worries (specifically the episode of dengue fever and issues identifying with sustenance cleanliness). In addition to the loss of allure of the neighborhood marine frameworks, particularly coral reefs (Luciane Reinaldo, 2013). The second zone in connection to Climate Change impacts managed tourism organizations and their execution. Enter issues in Fiji identified with the expenses forced on organizations because of the harm to tourism resources after extraordinary occasions, for example, storm surges or high breezes. The intrusion of supply chains specifically for more remote islands apparently impacted on the capacity to work the business. So also, dry spells (progressively visit under Climate Change situations) would affect fundamental administration arrangement, for example, water supply. Poor benchmarks of natural administration (e.g., water contamination) and hazard administration (e.g., early cautioning frameworks for catastrophic events) were a key concern identifying with organizations. In New Zealand, the natural execution of organizations was likewise observed as a central. Mair (2011) agrees that New Zealand partners trusted that to stay focused in a 'carbon obliged' world, tourism organizations should: Measure discharges or emissions Decrease outflows Grow new items that are described by high carbon effectiveness Settle on speculation choices that perform over their lifetime in an inexorable carbon obliged world Proposed Process (The Desired Outcome) This discussion paper explored the part of the tourism division in connection with Climate Change arrangements and the requirement for goals to create particular tourism strategies to mention Climate Change. Holiday business partners in two vacationer goals, New Zealand and Fiji perceived a requirement for an arrangement managing Climate Change. Their Climate Change concerns came to four territories of apprehension. These were identified as the danger of diminishes in entry numbers, the execution of tourism organizations, the administration of assets and research. Climate Change represents a hazard to tourism from multiple points of view, and goals or countries are probably going to profit by arrangements that proactively manage this hazard. The bits of knowledge from New Zealand and Fiji demonstrated that the tourism segment's way to deal with Climate Change is to a great extent one of ensuring the segment, as opposed to lessening the danger of Climate Change fundamentally, as natio nal Climate Change strategies try to accomplish (Michael et al., 2011). Therefore, tourism's arrangement making in this space is still prone to be 'tourism strategy' as opposed to 'climate approach.' This is most likely clarified by tourism's inclination to incline toward methodologies of promoting and correspondence, instead of enactment and direction. Perhaps this is because of tourism's temperament as an exceptionally client mindful area that is worked on positive pictures and discernment. The examination of existing national arrangements uncovered that tourism is now canvassed in numerous parts of Climate Change. In any case, it additionally turned out to be certain that some national arrangements did not consider Climate Change to the level that tourism partners regarded suitable or they did not consider the particular needs of tourism (Ruhanen, 2012). There was additionally some worry that national climate strategies weakness tourism contrasted and different areas. There was an absence of implementation of existing strategies that avoided fruitful adjustment or alleviation to Climate Change. In these cases, the tourism part, for instance through its government, can draw in with the pertinent offices to upgrade or revise existing arrangements. A couple of territories were distinguished where tourism partners felt there is a particular requirement for tourism approach to address Climate Change. One tends to the absence of mindfulness, data, and limits inside the segment as a key hindrance to managing Climate Change. A moment range identifies with tourism organizations and their ecological administration and hazard preparation (Moses Mary, 2013). The third region for strategy making manages correspondence and showcasing. Most arrangements recommended for tourism were willful. While this might be a logical beginning stage for tourism to get engaged with Climate Change activities, to be compelling for the long haul, these willful measures should be installed in the more extensive approach blend. The procedure of strategy making was participatory, including an extensive variety of partners with enthusiasm for tourism, Climate Change or both. In both contextual analyses, strategy systems were made with portrayal from the general population and private segments, and outside specialists. The advantages were that the lead offices, Fiji and New Zealand, could profit by an extensive variety of aptitude and encounter, and in the meantime get purchase in from key partners from general society and private divisions. Now and again the procedure demonstrated testing as a result of the assorted variety of perspectives, dispositions and infr equently clashing objectives. Both contextual investigations featured the requirement for the solid initiative, progressing duty, and adequate resourcing. In the Fiji case, assets and outside skill were made accessible through a special undertaking, and the limit is working with the staff of the Service of Tourism was accomplished. In New Zealand, the government gave inside assets to lead the procedure. However, outer mastery was contracted to help for the time being. Tourism organizations are probably going to require up-skilling and limit working to have the capacity to address Climate Change issues successfully in the long term. From experience introduced in this paper, Climate Change will require an approach system laid out and drove by an administration organization, as it is from the state and its establishments that the infringement of the private into people in general, of worldwide streams into neighborhood places, is gotten to going. References Adem A. Hiko, Gelgelo N. Malicha, 2016. Climate Change and Animal Health Risk, in Maria Alejandra Gonzalez-Perez. In: L. Leonard, ed. Advances in Sustainability and Environmental Justice. S.l.: Emerald Publishing Group, pp. 77-111. Brzoska, M. A., 2015. Climate change and military planning. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, 7(2), pp. 172-190. Fasil E. Eregno, Chong?Yu Xu, Nils?Otto Kitterd, 2013. Modeling hydrological impacts of climate change in different climatic zones. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, 5(3), pp. 344-365. Kenneth Ofori-Boateng, Baba D. Insah, 2014. The impact of climate change on cocoa production in West Africa. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, 6(3), pp. 296-314. Khan, M. R., 2013. Mapping entrepreneurship ecosystem of Saudi Arabia. World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management, and Sustainable Development, 9(1), pp. 28-54. Linda M. Pealba, Dulce D. Elazegui, Juan M. Pulhin, Rex Victor O. Cruz, 2012. Social and institutional dimensions of climate change adaptation. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, 4(3), pp. 308-322. Luciane Reginato and Reinaldo Guerreiro, 2013. Relationships between environment, culture, and management control systems. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, pp. 219-240. Mair, J., 2011. Events and climate change: an Australian perspective. International Journal of Event and Festival Management, 2(3), pp. 245-253. Michael J. Polonsky, Morgan P. Miles, Stacy L. Grau, 2011. Climate change regulation: implications for business executives. European Business Review, 23(4), pp. 368-383. Moses K. Kihiko, Mary W. Kinoti, 2013. Climate change adaptation and EIA studies in Kenya. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, 5(2), pp. 152-165. Narendra Singh, Kanika Gupta, 2013. Environmental attitude and ecological behavior of Indian consumers. Social Responsibility Journal, 9(1), pp. 4-18. Renato J. Orsato, Simone R. Barakat, Jos Guilherme F. de Campos, 2017. Organizational adaptation to climate change: learning to anticipate energy disruptions. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, 9(5), pp. 645-665. Ruhanen, L., 2012. Climate Change, Sustainability, and Tourism. In: E. Fayos-sol, ed. Knowledge Management in Tourism: Policy and Governance Applications. S.l.: Emerald Publishing Group, pp. 153-173. Zhenghong Tang, Ting Wei, Courtney Quinn, Nan Zhao, 2012. Surveying local planning directors ' actions for climate change. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, 4(1), pp. 81-103.

Parabolic Dish Receiver

Question: Describe about the Parabolic Dish Receiver? Answer: Introduction Parabola is a mathematical term that shows a curve bulging inside. Parabolic antennas or called as parabolic dish are very useful in high-gain antennas for point to point communication that carries data or information from one point to another. The antenna is a term that refers to an electrical conductor and carries two related terms with it termed as transmitter (that will radiate electromagnetic energy into space) and receiver (it will collect electromagnetic energy from space). Communication medium is the most valuable area in networks and in the world of communication systems today. Combination of guided and unguided medium made it possible to communicate among various networks. As the field and study of radiations and antennas is vast one, incomplete information does not make sense and that was a major reason to select such project that will enhance the knowledge of communication networks through microwave radiations with to make a parabolic dish receiver located at the fixed focus of dish. The IEEE definition of an antenna as given by Stutzman and Thiele is, That part of a transmitting or receiving system that is designed to radiate or receive electromagnetic waves. Theory of Operation Overview Basically a parabolic antenna has a parabolic reflector that reflects from its focus point. We can take an example of a parabolic reflector with diagram which is as follows:- The reflector can be of various materials like sheet metal, wire grill construction etc., a metal screen reflects radio waves that comes to it and that are linearly polarized. System Structure There are some principles and parameters associated with the parabolic antenna and they are as follows:- b.1. Antenna Gain- this is a measure that has the ability to direct input the waves in particular direction and measured at the radiations on its intensity of working. An isotropic antenna can increase the intensity of its peak and it is given by: S = P0/4R2 Gain can be achieved by directing the radiations in different ways based on their patterns. b.2 Antenna efficiency- it can br measured through the integral of the radiation over the radiation input power and can be measured according to the antenna efficiency. b.3 effective area-antenna captures through passing the waves and passing the data to the data terminals who are ready to send and receive the data and power is delivered to the terminals and that will be a product of the same. b.4 directivity-is the measure of concentration that a radiations has on the dish that gives it a power. Taking an example of radiation intensity It can be plotted as a 3D graph or as a 2D polar or Cartesian slice of this 3D graph. It is an extremely parameter as it shows the antennas directivity as well as gain at various points in space. It serves as the signature of an antenna and one look at it is often enough to realize the antenna that produced it. b.5 Beam width- The angular width of the beam radiated by high-gain antennas is measured Example of equations is as follows- For parabolic antennas, the HPBWis given by: wherekis a factor which varies slightly depending on the shape of the reflector and the feed illumination pattern. For an ideal uniformly illuminated parabolic reflector andin degrees,kwould be 57.3 (the number of degrees in a radian). For a "typical" parabolic antennakis approximately 70. For a typical 2 metersatellite dishoperating onC band(4GHz), this formula gives a beamwidth of about 2.6. For the Arecibo antenna at 2.4GHz the beamwidth is 0.028. It can be seen that parabolic antennas can produce very narrow beams, and aiming them can be a problem. Some parabolic dishes are equipped with aboresightso they can be aimed accurately at the other antenna. It can be seen there is an inverse relation between gain and beam width. By combining the beamwidth equation with the gain equation, the relation is Block Operation Diagrammatically, microwave radiations can be represented as follows undertaking the development part of the hardware for the same that is given below:- Internal eg. :- Technical The example of focal length calculation is as follows:- Determining the focal length of a parabolic dish (axi-symmetric, circular) Focal length = f Depth = c Diameter = D f = ( D * D ) / ( 16 * c ) Measure the depth using a tight fishing line across the dish and a rule to measure depth c. Parabolic dish showing measurements needed to determine focallength. Project Narration Communication medium is the most valuable area in networks and in the world of communication systems today. Combination of guided and unguided medium made it possible to communicate among various networks.As the field and study of radiations and antennas is vast one, incomplete information does not make sense and that was a major reason to select such project that will enhance the knowledge of communication networks through microwave radiations with to make a parabolic dish receiver located at the fixed focus of dish. Parabolic antenna works on the principle of a point source of radio waves which mets at the focal point of reflector, also known as paraboloidal reflector of material which will be reflected into a plain surface beam along the axis of the reflector. Validation Basically a parabolic antenna has a parabolic reflector that reflects from its focus point. As the field and study of radiations and antennas is vast one,The reflector can be of various materials like sheet metal, wire grill construction etc., a metal screen reflects radio waves that comes to it and that are linearly polarized. Conclusions Concluding the report a parabolic antenna works on the principle of a point source of radio waves which meets at the focal point of reflector, also known as paraboloidal reflector of material which will be reflected into a plain surface beam along the axis of the reflector. Antenna Gain is a measure that has the ability to direct input the waves in particular direction and measured at the radiations on its intensity of working. Bibliography https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parabolic_antenna https://www.satsig.net/focal-length-parabolic-dish.htm